Nigeria @65: Achievements and Challenges Since 1960

By GoldenNewsNg | Opinion/Analysis | October 1, 2025

As Nigeria marks 65 years of independence, the mood across the nation is one of mixed emotions, pride in our collective achievements, yet concern about persistent challenges that continue to hold us back. From October 1, 1960, when the Union Jack was lowered and the green-white-green flag was raised, Nigeria has traveled a long and turbulent road. Today, we stand at a crossroads, reflecting on our history while looking forward with cautious optimism.

This anniversary is more than just a date on the calendar; it is a chance to evaluate where Nigeria has come from, what we have achieved, and the hurdles that still prevent us from realizing the full promise of independence.

Major Achievements Since Independence

Despite recurring difficulties, Nigeria has made remarkable progress in several sectors.

1. Political Progress

From colonial subjugation to independence in 1960, Nigeria has experimented with different systems of government. Although military regimes dominated much of our early post-independence history, the return to democracy in 1999 marked a turning point. For 26 consecutive years now, Nigeria has sustained civilian rule — the longest in its history. While imperfections remain, democracy has opened space for citizen participation, freedom of speech, and stronger institutions.

2. Economic Growth and Global Recognition

Nigeria’s economy has grown to become the largest in Africa, fueled initially by oil but later boosted by telecommunications, banking, fintech, entertainment, and agriculture. Nigerian fintech companies like Flutterwave, Paystack, and Interswitch have gained global recognition, while Nollywood has become the second-largest film industry in the world.

The oil boom of the 1970s funded large-scale infrastructure, and though mismanaged, it created a foundation for future growth. Nigeria also became a key player in African and global diplomacy, serving as a leader in ECOWAS and contributing peacekeeping troops to international missions.

3. Education and Healthcare Expansion

In 1960, Nigeria had only a handful of universities. Today, there are over 270 public and private universities, alongside polytechnics and colleges of education. Although challenges remain, access to higher education has expanded dramatically.

Healthcare has also seen improvements, with federal and teaching hospitals offering specialized care. Nigerian doctors, nurses, and pharmacists are now sought after worldwide, contributing both at home and abroad.

4. Infrastructure and Technology

From the Third Mainland Bridge to Abuja’s well-planned city layout, Nigeria has made progress in infrastructure. The ongoing Lagos–Ibadan expressway expansion, the Second Niger Bridge, and Abuja–Kaduna railway are examples of modern projects shaping the nation.

Technology has also become a bright spot. With over 120 million internet users, Nigeria is Africa’s digital hub, driving innovation in mobile banking, e-commerce, and social media influence.

5. Cultural and Sporting Influence

Nigeria’s global cultural footprint is undeniable. Afrobeats has conquered the world, with stars like Burna Boy, Wizkid, and Tems winning international awards. Nollywood continues to entertain millions across Africa and beyond, while writers like Chinua Achebe, Wole Soyinka, and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie have placed Nigerian literature on the world map.

In sports, Nigeria has produced Olympic medalists, world-class footballers, and record-breaking athletes. The Super Eagles and Super Falcons remain dominant forces in African football. The 1996 Olympic gold in Atlanta remains a proud symbol of Nigeria’s sporting excellence.

Challenges Holding Nigeria Back

However, Nigeria’s story is not all glory. For every step forward, recurring challenges drag the nation backward.

1. Governance and Corruption

Corruption remains one of Nigeria’s most stubborn problems. From the oil boom mismanagement to today’s subsidy scandals, billions have been lost to graft. Weak institutions and poor accountability mechanisms continue to undermine development.

2. Security Concerns

Since independence, Nigeria has faced civil war, military coups, and violent insurgencies. In recent years, Boko Haram terrorism, banditry, kidnapping, and farmer–herder conflicts have destabilized large parts of the country. Insecurity remains a top concern for citizens.

3. Economic Hardships

Despite being Africa’s biggest economy, Nigeria struggles with high unemployment, inflation, and poverty rates. Heavy reliance on oil makes the economy vulnerable to global shocks, while diversification into agriculture and manufacturing has been slow.

4. Poor Infrastructure

Nigeria’s infrastructure deficit remains a major obstacle. Power supply is inconsistent, transport networks are underdeveloped, and healthcare facilities remain inadequate for a population of over 220 million.

5. Education Gaps

Nigeria is home to one of the world’s largest populations of out-of-school children. Chronic underfunding, frequent ASUU strikes, and dilapidated facilities have weakened the education system, leaving many young people ill-prepared for the job market.

6. National Unity and Social Tensions

Ethnic and religious divisions continue to undermine unity. Secessionist movements, identity politics, and distrust among communities weaken the fabric of nationhood. Instead of harnessing Nigeria’s diversity as a strength, it has too often become a source of conflict.

Building a Renewed Nigeria

As Nigeria turns 65, the need for urgent reforms cannot be overstated. To unlock its full potential, Nigeria must:

1. Diversify the Economy – reduce dependence on oil and expand agriculture, manufacturing, and technology.

2. Strengthen Institutions – fight corruption by empowering anti-graft agencies and ensuring accountability.

3. Invest in Education and Skills – prioritize funding for schools, universities, and vocational training.

4. Reform Security – modernize security forces, improve intelligence, and address root causes of conflict.

5. Promote National Unity – embrace policies that foster inclusion, justice, and equity across regions.

6. Support Youth and Innovation – provide opportunities for Nigeria’s young population to thrive in business, technology, and governance.

Conclusion

Nigeria @65 is a story of resilience. The country has produced world-class talent, built Africa’s largest economy, and shaped global culture. Yet, corruption, insecurity, and inequality remain heavy burdens.

This Independence Day should not just be about waving flags or singing anthems; it should be a moment of sober reflection and renewed commitment. If Nigeria can confront its challenges with honesty and courage, the next 65 years could be brighter than the last.

The promise of 1960 has not been fully realized, but the future is still wide open. Nigeria’s destiny lies not only in the hands of its leaders but also in the collective will of its people. At 65, the work of building a truly united, prosperous, and just Nigeria is far from finished, but it is still possible.